Sunday 5 May 2019

Sir Alexander Fleming /Questions Answers




by Patrick Pringle
1. What are antiseptics and what is the antiseptic method?
2. What was the chief defect of antiseptic method?
Antiseptics are chemicals. These are used to destroy germs. Antiseptic method means killing of germs through the use of chemicals. The chief defect of this method was that it used to kill germs as well as white cells of the body.
3. What part is played by the white cells in the blood of a human body?
White cells of the body are called natural defence of human body. They protect the body from the germs of diseases.They attack the germs when they enter human body.Fleming stressed the need to support these cells.
4. Give an account of the early life of Fleming.
Fleming was born in 1881.He got his early education in the village school. He went to London to study at the Regent Street Polytechnic at the age of fourteen. He then joined St.Mary’s Hospital to become a doctor.
5. Describe how Fleming discovered penicillin.
Fleming was busy in experiments in his lab. He was growing colonies of germs. By chance, a mould spore dropped on the culture plate .The germs began to disappear. Fleming tested it for its anti bacterial features and discovered penicillin.
6. In what respect is penicillin better than the chemical antiseptics?
9. Write a note on penicillin as a wonder drug.
Penicillin is better than all other chemicals. It does not damage white cells of the body. Whereas other chemicals like carbolic acid damage white cells of the body. It is also called wonder drug. It saved millions of lives. Its discovery revolutionized the world of medicine.
7. What do you know of the Oxford team?
8. How did they make penicillin more effective?
The Oxford team included trained chemists and bacteriologists. It was headed by Professor Haward Florey and Doctor E.B.Chain. They concentrated and made penicillin more effective through a series of brilliant experiments. They adopted modern methods of manufacturing.
10. Was Fleming proud of his discovery?
12. Fleming’s achievement paved the way for other discoveries in the medical field. What were they?
Fleming was a very humble fellow. He was not proud of his discovery. He said that penicillin was nature-made and he only discovered it. Fleming inspired other scientists to look for new medicines and cures of diseases. An important discovery was streptomycine.
11. Why could not penicillin have been discovered in the research laboratories of America?
Penicillin could not have been discovered in American laboratories because their labs were clean, dustless and air-conditioned. There was no chance of a mould spore to enter the lab through a window.





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